The first ECI Conference on Microbial Engineering in March 2018 brought together leaders in Synthetic Biology, Metabolic Engineering and Bioprocessing both from industry and the academic community. Examples of applications included natural products, therapeutic proteins, vaccines and biosynthesis of a great variety of organic chemicals. Based on the success of this meeting we plan to hold a second ECI Conference “Microbial Engineering II” from April 19 to April 23, 2020 in Albufeira, Portugal. We are confident that this will capture the exciting progress being made and highlight practical applications. We conclude that with so many advances occurring in so many different areas that we are on the leading edge of major change in applications of Microbial Engineering. These breakthroughs will improve our health and our environment!